Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/11434/900
Title: Predicting pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a systematic review.
Epworth Authors: Ryan, Jennifer
Heriot, Alexander
Warrier, Satish
Lynch, Craig A.
Other Authors: Ramsey, R. G.
Phillips, W. A.
Keywords: Rectal Cancer
Pathological Complete Response
pCR
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
nCRT
Treatment
Rectal Neoplasm
Response
Preoperative Chemoradiation
Tumour Response
Prediction
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
nCRT
Cancer Services Clinical Institute, Epworth HealthCare, Victoria, Australia
Issue Date: Mar-2016
Publisher: Wiley
Citation: Colorectal Dis. 2016 Mar;18(3):234-46.
Abstract: AIM: Approximately 20% of patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) while the remainder derive the benefit of improved local control and downstaging and a small proportion show a minimal response. The ability to predict which patients will benefit would allow for improved patient stratification directing therapy to those who are likely to achieve a good response, thereby avoiding ineffective treatment in those unlikely to benefit. METHOD: A systematic review of the English language literature was conducted to identify pathological factors, imaging modalities and molecular factors that predict pCR following chemoradiotherapy. PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane Database searches were conducted with the following keywords and MeSH search terms: 'rectal neoplasm', 'response', 'neoadjuvant', 'preoperative chemoradiation', 'tumor response'. After review of title and abstracts, 85 articles addressing the prediction of pCR were selected. RESULTS: Clear methods to predict pCR before chemoradiotherapy have not been defined. Clinical and radiological features of the primary cancer have limited ability to predict response. Molecular profiling holds the greatest potential to predict pCR but adoption of this technology will require greater concordance between cohorts for the biomarkers currently under investigation. CONCLUSION: At present no robust markers of the prediction of pCR have been identified and the topic remains an area for future research. This review critically evaluates existing literature providing an overview of the methods currently available to predict pCR to nCRT for locally advanced rectal cancer. The review also provides a comprehensive comparison of the accuracy of each modality.
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/11434/900
DOI: 10.1111/codi.13207
PubMed URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26531759
ISSN: 1463-1318
Journal Title: Colorectal Disease
Type: Journal Article
Affiliated Organisations: Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Austin Academic Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Differentiation and Transcription Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Cancer Biology and Surgical Oncology Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Type of Clinical Study or Trial: Systematic Reviews
Appears in Collections:Cancer Services
General Surgery and Gastroenterology

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